angiotensin II – protein made by the enzymatic action of ACE on inactive angiotensin I; actively results in vasoconstriction and stimulates aldosterone release by the adrenal cortex.

bicuspid valve – (also, mitral valve or still left atrioventricular valve) valve located in between the left atrium and ventricle; is made up of two flaps of tissue.

codon – consecutive sequence of 3 nucleotides on an mRNA molecule that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

hypertension – power exerted via the blood against the wall of the vessel or heart chamber; might be described Along with the extra generic term hydrostatic pressure.

aorta – most significant artery from the body, originating through the still left ventricle and descending to the abdominal region exactly where it bifurcates in the typical iliac arteries at the extent of your fourth lumbar vertebra; arteries originating from the aorta distribute blood to pretty much all tissues in the body.

adrenal vein – drains the adrenal or suprarenal glands which can be right away top-quality into the kidneys; the appropriate adrenal vein enters the inferior vena cava instantly along with the remaining adrenal vein enters the still left renal vein.

central chemoreceptor – among the specialised receptors that can be found during the Mind that sense changes in hydrogen ion, oxygen, or carbon dioxide concentrations during the brain.

antibodies – (also, immunoglobulins or gamma globulins) antigen-distinct proteins made by specialised B lymphocytes that shield the body by binding to international objects including microbes and viruses.

The central nervous technique lies mainly within the axial skeleton, the brain getting effectively guarded through the cranium and the spinal twine with the vertebral column, by means of the bony neural arches check here (the arches of bone that encircle the spinal wire) as well read more as intervening ligaments.

Marathon Runners Runners show two features of dwelling humans—responsiveness and motion. Anatomic buildings and physiological processes allow runners to coordinate the action of muscle mass groups and sweat in response to climbing interior body temperature. (credit score: Phil Roeder/flickr)

blood colloidal osmotic strain (BCOP) – pressure exerted by colloids suspended in blood within a vessel; a Main determinant will be the existence of plasma proteins.

aldosterone – hormone generated and secreted from the adrenal cortex that stimulates sodium and fluid retention and will increase blood volume and blood pressure level.

cricoid cartilage – percentage of the larynx composed of a hoop of cartilage with a large posterior location along with a thinner anterior location; hooked up for the oesophagus.

alveolar strategy of the maxilla – curved, inferior margin of the maxilla that supports and anchors the upper teeth.